Friday, March 30, 2012

Got our back? More like stabbing us in the back


Got our back? More like stabbing us in the back


David M. Weinberg


“There should not be a shred of doubt by now that when the chips are down, I have Israel’s back,” proclaimed U.S. President Barack Obama at the AIPAC conference earlier this month. “There is no good reason to doubt me on [Israeli] issues,” he similarly grumbled to The Atlantic. “I have made a more full-throated defense of Israel and its legitimate security concerns than any president in history ... I have kept every single commitment I have made to the state of Israel and its security ... We’ve got Israel’s back.”

Well, Obama definitely has a thing with Israel’s back. But he doesn’t seem to “have” our back. He is “at” our back. Stabbing us in the back, it appears.

How else can one explain the blatant and bold sabotage of Israel’s security that the Obama administration is engaged in? All the adamant protestations of support for Israel don’t weigh up against the concrete damage that administration officials are doing to Israel’s deterrent power and operational military capabilities through purposeful leaks of information relating to Israel’s strike abilities against Iran.

In a deliberate American campaign to scuttle any planned Israeli hit on Iran, Washington is leaking classified intelligence assessments and documents that rip deep into our most sensitive military zones.

Worst of all is the revelation (through Foreign Policy Magazine, yesterday) of State Department documents and CIA-provided details of Israel’s secret “staging grounds” (air bases) in Azerbaijan, from which the IAF can more readily strike into Iran. In the article, “senior intelligence officers” and former CENTCOM commanders name specific Azeri airstrips from whence Israel is apparently operating; name Israeli officials involved in managing the secret relationship with Azerbaijan; and provide astonishing detail on the air staging logistics that would be involved in an Israeli military operation there.

This follows upon the Congressional Research Service study leaked earlier in the week, which pans Israel’s ability to do much damage to Iran, and suggests that an Israeli strike would uselessly stir up a hornets’ nest. Great cost, with little gain, the report said. Two weeks ago, the Obama administration leaked to The New York Times results of a classified Pentagon war game dubbed “Internal Look” which forecast that an Israeli strike on Iran’s nuclear facilities would likely draw the U.S. into a wider regional war in which hundreds of American forces could be killed. This is to say: Don’t you dare act, Israel, or the Obama administration will blame you for getting Americans killed. And to make sure that Israel understood just how directed this leak was, the newspaper was allowed to publish the exact location, date, parameters and some names of participants in this war game. A fully authorized leak. A targeted kill.

So, for all the talk of “complete coordination” between the U.S. and Israel on the Iran file, it seems that Obama is playing rough with Jerusalem. Obama said that he “is not bluffing” when it comes to stopping the Iranian drive for nuclear weapons. “Not bluffing,” perhaps, but it seems that he meant that meant not bluffing about stopping Israel from acting against Iran.

Obama boasts at length at every opportunity about upgrades in U.S.-Israel intelligence sharing and weapons development that he has authorized. Aside from being benefiting America well as Israel, these upgrades are, of course, primarily aimed at holding us back from attacking Iran. The enhanced security cooperation is a bear hug designed to handcuff Israel. And it is counterbalanced and canceled out by security sabotage such as the Azerbaijan expose.

Obama is at our back, indeed.

http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_opinion.php?id=1659

All of Palestine belongs to the Jews



Grief: All of Palestine belongs to the Jews



Howard Grief is the author of The Legal Foundation and Borders of Israel under International Law and is the leading expert on the subject. He co-copied me with three powerful letters in defence of our rights, which follow.

To Mr. Leonello Gabrici
The Head of the Division,
Middle East II: Israel, Occupied Palestinian Territory,
Middle East Peace Process,
European External Action Service
Brussels, Belgium

Dear Mr. Gabrici,

I am appalled and dumbstruck by the fact that you are the Head of a Division of the European External Action Service whose jurisdiction explicitly deals with “Middle East II: Israel, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Middle East Peace Process”. This title is an insult to the Jewish People, to Zionism and the valiant struggle that the Jews waged to reclaim their ancient homeland, a struggle that began in earnest with the convocation of the first Zionist Congress at Basel, Switzerland in 1897. The country of Palestine was created in April 1920 at the San Remo Peace Conference for one purpose only – to be the Jewish National Home, and the term “Occupied Palestinian Territory” is thus an oxymoron since Palestine was never intended to be an Arab land under international law now supposedly “occupied” by Israel, as the title of your office implies, but rather was always intended to be a Jewish land that was to reconstitute the ancient Jewish State of Judea destroyed by Rome in the first century C.E. It takes staggering ignorance or ingrained hostility to the Jewish People and Zionism to believe that the land known to the Jews as Eretz-Israel since the time of Joshua Bin-Nun, long before it was called Palestine, belongs to the local Arab inhabitants who have falsely re-branded themselves as “Palestinians”.

To disabuse yourself of the notion that there is such a thing in international law as “Israel-Occupied Palestinian Territory”, I would highly recommend that you read the pronouncements made by two eminent British statesmen who were instrumental in creating Palestine as the Jewish National Home and future independent Jewish State, namely, Prime Minister David Lloyd George and Foreign Secretary Lord Balfour, as well as those of Balfour’s successor, Lord Curzon, who did not favour the concept of Zionism but nevertheless admitted that Palestine was to become a Jewish country. I would also recommend that you read the statements made at the San Remo Peace Conference at the two sessions of April 24 and April 25, 1920 dealing with Palestine by the French Prime Minister Alexandre Millerand and the Director of the French Foreign Ministry, Philippe Berthelot, who, though vehemently opposed to establishing Palestine as a Jewish State, nevertheless conceded that was the actual purpose of the Balfour Declaration that was adopted in a new format by means of the San Remo Resolution that henceforth became part of international law and the foundation document of the State of Israel.

You condescendingly state that I am “fully entitled to express [my] particular historic and legal interpretations regarding Israel’s territorial rights”, as if I am formulating a non-legal, individualistic argument that is not in accord with the facts or the truth. I have in my correspondence with Mr. Ilkka Uusitalo enumerated all those acts, principles and norms of international law which evidence the fact that an undivided Palestine was to be established as a Jewish State, without the creation of an Arab state in any part of the country. I will thus not repeat these arguments here. What I wrote is not “particular” to myself but is based solidly on the texts of various acts of international law that were approved by all the victorious Allied powers that dismantled the Ottoman Empire, including three prominent states of the European Union today, namely: Britain, France and Italy.

Upon the re-birth of the Jewish State on May 15, 1948, Jewish legal rights to Palestine were devolved upon the State of Israel. Whatever you may think, those rights never lapsed, were never annulled or voided and never validly or legally transferred to an Arab people known as “Palestinians”, as you so wrongly assume. Moreover, subsequent events – such as the 1947 Partition Resolution, Security Council Resolution 242, the Israel-PLO Agreements or the Road Map Peace Plan – have not superseded or curtailed the rights of the Jewish People to former Mandated Palestine, since none of those documents constitute acts of binding international law, despite the impression given to the contrary by advocates of the Arab “Palestinian” cause, including leading officials of the European Union and its bureaucratic apparatus, that includes your own office.

Mr. Gabrici, the acts and provisions of international law as well as the legal principles and norms I cited earlier to Mr. Uusitalo are not my “interpretations” of international law; they were what the law clearly states or connotes, without the necessity for “interpretation”, as you so glibly tell me. An interpretation of a specific law or that of an international agreement or treaty is only required when their plain meaning is unclear or ambiguous. That is certainly not the case for the relevant documents of international law pertaining to the legal status of former Mandated Palestine and Jewish legal rights thereto. It is you, not I, who prefers to “interpret” international law to favour the artificial and fabricated Arab “Palestinian” claim to Palestine. You ought to open your mind to the legal truth that you have never learnt or assimilated and the accompanying legal facts which underpin and confirm the ironclad Jewish case to the Land of Israel. If you do so, you will no longer be associated with a European office that falsely asserts that “Palestine” is “Israel-occupied Palestinian territory”.

I shall follow your advice and desist from any further exchanges with the European External Action Service, in particular with the Division you head. Perhaps you will be so kind as to place this letter in the hands of Lady Catherine Ashton to dispel her ignorance in addition to your own.

Howard Grief
___________________________________________

Dear Mr. Sherman,
I congratulate you on your excellent column published in The Jerusalem Post on Friday, February 24, 2012 on the misjudgments and detrimental concessions made by Israeli decision-makers dating from the Six-Day War that were also urged on by various prominent Israelis in our relations with Syria, Egypt, Lebanon, the “Palestine Liberation” Organization and its offshoot created by Israel itself, the “Palestinian Authority”.

You rightly stated that the Israeli leadership displayed “moronic myopia” and blindness in proposing a total withdrawal from the Golan Heights and South Lebanon and even earlier from Sinai, and you backed up your appraisal by quoting the exact words of those who fit into this embarrassing category. No doubt you stand on solid ground in reminding ordinary Israeli and their government leaders of the folly of the “land for peace” formula – or as you also aptly call it, the “Nirvana-Now” formula – an unattainable goal with the Arab haters of Israel infused with the tenets of Islam, particularly those found in Islam’s oral tradition known as the Hadith. This tradition defines the whole of the Land of Israel as Muslim or Waqf territory which, as one Islamic scholar, a Moslem himself, Professor Khaleel Mohammad of the Department of Religious Studies at San Diego State University, has said is “is to be wrested from the accursed Jews in a brutal and bloody eschatological battle”.

While I salute you for naming those public figures who have made “appallingly inaccurate assessment[s] of Israel’s adversaries”, particularly in regard to negotiating a peace agreement with Syria’s Hafez Assad and, after his death, with his son, Bashar Assad, to wit: former IDF Chief-of-Staff Gabi Ashkenazi, former Defense Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer, former Director-General of the Foreign Ministry Dr. Alon Liel and the celebrated but anti-nationalist, extreme left-wing author Amos Oz, what I found lacking in your otherwise astute column was that you failed to mention at all the worst culprits, who recklessly and I may add illegally proposed giving up either all or most of the Golan Heights to Syria as part of a “land-for-peace” agreement, that as we know now would have put Israel in the most precarious position possible requiring no less than a new Six-Day War to recapture it. In this regard, the first Prime Minister to propose withdrawing from the Golan was Yitzhak Rabin in the early to mid-nineties, who told U.S. Secretary of State Warren Christopher that Israel would be willing to cede the Golan in return for ending the war with Syria, as confirmed by Rabin’s military aide, Danny Yatom, who sat in on the meeting between the two where this subject was discussed. That proposed cession was in my legal opinion a clear violation of Sections 97 and 100 of the Penal Code dealing with treason. Rabin’s offer to Syria was made without the consent of the Cabinet and at a time when there was no law or procedure that allowed the cession of Israeli territory to another state for any reason whatsoever. Rabin’s alleged act of treason was then pursued by Shimon Peres when he succeeded Rabin as Prime Minister. Even Prime Minister Netanyahu in his first term of office (1996-1999) was reported in the press to have made a similar offer that would have entailed a treasonous withdrawal from most of the Golan. What good then are the laws of treason in our law books if they are not enforced or prosecuted by the Attorney-General against those in positions of power or influence who make offers or devise plans to cede sovereign Israeli territory to another state or entity – that is expressly prohibited by the Penal Code? The Attorney-Generals who did nothing when these offers were made – Michael Ben-Yair and Meni Mazuz – should themselves have been prosecuted for dereliction of duty and failure to uphold the laws of the State they swore under oath to uphold.

As regards Dr. Liel, I take the liberty to mention that several years ago I tried to convince MK Professor Arieh Eldad to file treason charges under the aforementioned Sections 97 and 100 of the Penal Code against Liel for cooking up, without lawful authority to do so, a private or unofficial peace agreement with a Syrian representative who was an American citizen, Ibrahim (Abe) Suleiman, under which Israel would crazily surrender the entire Golan to the young and brutal tyrant, Bashar Assad, as evidenced by a document to that effect, termed a “non-paper”, dated August 29, 2005, thus committing an act to impair Israel’s sovereignty over the Golan according to our law, punishable by the death penalty or life imprisonment. However, I never heard back from MK Eldad though I know he later made use of the legal information I gave him on the treason provisions of the Penal Code to accuse Prime Minister Ehud Olmert of committing treason for his ludicrous offer to the PLO to re-divide Jerusalem and surrender practically all of Yosh, separate and apart from conceding all of the Golan to Syria in a failed bid to satisfy all alleged or imagined Arab grievances against Israel., grievances that can never be satisfied except by the disappearance of the Jewish State.

The Golan Heights, of course, was not the only case where land was relinquished to “buy peace” with our adversaries. We have to go back as you rightly pointed out to Prime Minister Menahem Begin, who, upon winning power after 29 years in the Opposition, decided to surrender Sinai to Egypt even though Sinai had never in the modern period been a recognized sovereign part of Egypt under international law. It is clear today that this cession has caused enormous harm to Israel since Sinai, thanks to Begin’s foolish and illegal “land for peace” treaty with Egypt, is now a terrorist and smuggler’s paradise that threatens Israel’s security and has also become an open door for tens of thousands of African migrants to enter Israel with all the social problems this will cause us in the future.

It should interest you to know that Begin was explicitly forewarned by two of his brightest advisers at the time of the Camp David negotiations not to proceed with his ill-conceived plan to cede Sinai to Egypt, a territory which was really a part of the historical Land of Israel mentioned in our Torah, that was also formerly included in the Independent Sanjak of Jerusalem under Turkish rule before Britain, in a famous incident of gunboat diplomacy against the Ottoman Sultan in 1906 forced him to relinquish direct Turkish rule over this territory and hand it over to British administration, who then appended it to Egypt. That is how Sinai, a non-Egyptian land, became “Egyptian”, contrary to the historical and geographical truth. Those aforesaid prescient advisers were Hebrew University Professor Moshe Sharon and, of course, the late Shmuel Katz. However, Begin, in his desire to be remembered as a great “peacemaker”, listened not to the sage advice proferred by Sharon and Katz, but rather to the injurious advice tendered by Foreign Minister Moshe Dayan, Defense Minister Ezer Weizmann, Agriculture Minister and Chairman of the Ministerial Committee for Settlement, Ariel Sharon, as well as that of Law Professor Aharon Barak, the future President of the Supreme Court and Israel’s Ambassador to the U.S., Meir Rosenne.

Unfortunately, the “moronic myopia” and shallow thinking exhibited by Begin, Rabin and Peres was afterwards manifested to the same degree by their successors: Ehud Barak, Ariel Sharon, Ehud Olmert and, surprisingly enough, Binyamin Netanyahu, all of whom made tentative offers to Syria to cede all or most of the Golan. Netanyahu who, not content with his concessions under the Wye Plantation Agreement, during his first term of office, has formally adopted the anti-Likud and suicidal Two-State Solution as a cornerstone of his policy. I am aware that Netanyahu’s advisers and supporters pretend it is only a Machiavellian tactical move to fend off relentless pressure on Israel applied by U.S. President Obama and the European Union. What will happen, though, if the next non-Likud Prime Minister of Israel adopts Netanyahu’s course as a firm and unchangeable policy? Netanyahu’s deception will then become reality, though that may truly never have been intended by Netanyahu himself.

I hope your great column will bang some common sense into the minds of those directing Israel’s Government now or in the future as to why we should never cede, under any circumstances, any more of our precious territory to Syria nor, for that matter, to the “Palestinian Authority” for the sake of a mirage “peace”. However, I admit that that is a forlorn hope.

Howard Grief
Copies: Rich Frostig
Prof. Moshe Sharon
Arieh Stav
Dr. Netta Dor-Shav
M,K. Prof. Arieh Eldad
Dr. Alex King
_______________________________________________________

Mr. David Lee
Kingston-upon-Thames
London, England

Thanks for sending me the article that appeared December 13, 2011 in Front Page Magazine on “An Invented People, the so-called ‘Palestinians’”, by David Meir-Levi, an American-born Israeli, currently living in Palo Alto, California, who serves as the Director of Peace and Education at Israel Peace Initiative.

Meir-Levi uses several sources to substantiate Gingrich’s truthful statement, particularly that of Daniel Pipes, who incidentally has a copy of my book, The Legal Foundation and Borders of Israel under International Law, where I expatiate at length on this subject in Section Four entitled “The Switch of National Identities and Names”, and an additional segment in Appendix II entitled “The Historical Origin of the Name ‘Palestine’ and Related Regional Terms”.

All of Meir-Levi’s sources are from internet websites, as appears from his footnotes, with only two quotations in the text of his article culled from actual books. No serious scholar or researcher would rely exclusively or almost exclusively on that source to elucidate a subject he or she wishes to write about. The internet has not yet replaced traditional sources found in books, documents and archival material. Not everything has been digitalized for use on the internet. Meir-Levi would certainly have learned more about the newly-invented Arab “Palestinian” People, one of the greatest hoaxes, if not the greatest, of the latter half of the 20th century, had he consulted my own book, which incidentally may also be accessed – I am told – on the internet. It contains a lot more background information on the evolution of the name “Palestine” and its derivative, “Palestinians”, from first connoting the Jews of Mandated Palestine until May 14, 1948, and today, the Arab inhabitants of the Land of Israel and also the so-called “refugees” who are resident in Gaza, Jordan, Lebanon and elsewhere.

It is incorrect for Meir-Levi to state that the “Palestinian national identity was invented in 1920 and midwifed by Zionism”. No such thing! There was no Arab Palestinian national identity in 1920 despite the fact that a small number of Arabs out of the larger Arab population then living in Mandated Palestine may have also accepted this appellation for themselves especially for legal purposes as a citizen of the country. However, the great majority of Arabs rejected this name since they knew this was how the Jews of the land were identified by one and all. They definitely did not want to have the same name as that applied to the “hated Jews”.

In my opinion, the term “Palestinians” in its present usage and form was derived from or was a direct by-product of the founding of the “Palestinian Liberation Organization” in 1964 whence the term started to appear first in UN resolutions beginning in 1969, then afterwards in the media. It was the UN, aided and abetted by the Arab League states, rather than Zionism, that “midwifed” the “Palestinian national identity” in the new guise as used today. In actual fact, it was part of a successful public relations scheme to change the nature of the Arab war against Israel, the so-called “conflict” from that of pitting 21 Arab states against the lone Jewish State to a more equitable ratio of one alleged “Palestinian” nation seeking its pretended self-determination in conflict with the existing State of Israel, i.e., one against one. The linguistic problem that then resulted from the fallacious use of “Palestine” and its derivative “Palestinians” was that the name of Palestine had already officially ceased to exist as a geographical term when the State of Israel was reborn in May 1948. 

Furthermore, the part of former Mandated Palestine that was not included in the State of Israel was no longer called “Palestine” after the Jordanian annexation in April 1950, but was designated the “West Bank” of the Kingdom of Jordan, which also controlled the East Bank, east of the Jordan River, that had originally also been designated for inclusion in the Jewish National Home.

It is a pity that no one has yet uncovered or exposed the name of the American Madison Avenue public relations firm which first advised the Arab League state and the PLO a year or so after the Six-Day War of June 1967 to change the designation of the Arab “refugees” who had been resident in former Mandated Palestine to “Palestinians” if they wanted to shift world public opinion in their favor against Israel. That is how the Arab-Israel “Conflict” was transformed from 1969 onwards into the new formula – the “Israeli-Palestinian Conflict”. Kindly note the position of the word “Israeli” before “Palestinian”, when previously the word “Arab” preceded the word “Israel”, a subtle inversion of the nature of the “conflict” and Israel’s supposedly equal responsibility for it. In the old formulation, Israel was perceived as the biblical David, but in the new formulation it was now Goliath in the eyes of the world, denying the oppressed “Palestinians” of their alleged right of self-determination in regard to Palestine. Hence, thanks to this unknown American public relations firm, an instant nation – the so-called “Palestinians” – came into being as a new tactic to destroy the Jewish State that has succeeded magnificently as a propaganda ploy.

It is well to remember the fact, as I have just noted above, that contrary to Meir-Levi’s assertion, the designation of “Palestinians” for the Arabs of former Mandated Palestine did not come into widespread use until 1969 and the early 1970s, a fact I have documented in my book. As evidence of this fact, Meir-Levi should know that as late as November 22, 1967, UN Security Council Resolution 242 still referred to those Arabs who had left Mandated Palestine or the new-born State of Israel as “refugees” and not as “Palestinians”. This change of nomenclature demonstrates how instant nations are born in the Arab world, such as the fallacious “Jordanian” nation, the “Iraqi” nation, the “Kuwaiti” nation, etc., separate and apart from the invented “Palestinian” nation.

I myself denounced the fraudulent usage of this term of “Palestinians” for Arabs when it first emerged in those early years (the 1970s) and I often mentioned this point in various articles I composed that appeared in the Hebrew-language Nativ Journal in the 1990s. It is incorrect therefore for Meir-Levi to heap undue praise on Daniel Pipes for being “the first to say so” when he certainly was not the first.

Meir-Levi would do well to read the revealing column written by ex-Prime Minister Golda Meir for the New York Times on January 14, 1976. She demolished the myth of the existence of the so-called “Palestinian People”. She said everything that needed to be said about the invention of this false moniker for Arabs. Most of what she wrote in her New York Times article is re-produced in my book (see pp. 511ff). In addition, it should be noted that as far back as June 1969, Golda Meir told the London Sunday Times”:
    It was not as though there was a Palestinian people in Palestine considering itself a Palestinian people and we came and threw them out and took their country from them. They did not exist.
Thus, as you can see, Golda Meir preceded Gingrich’s statement by 43 years that Pipes fails to mention. Though it is true that many Israeli left-wing people and Labour Party supporters accepted the idea of the “Palestinian” People as a new nation on the world stage once that idea gained currency in the 1970s, it was definitely not Zionism that acted as a “midwife” for the forged “Palestinian national identity” as Meir-Levi asserts, but more accurately that was the work as noted above of the Arab League states and the PLO in conjunction with the U.N. where they have a dominant influence, especially in the General Assembly and the blatantly pro-Arab organ today ludicrously called the Human Rights Council. Finally, it fell to Shim’on Peres to give added credibility to this fraudulent usage of the term “Palestinians” for Arabs, when he accepted the idea in April 1986 as Chairman of the Labour Party that “Palestinians” are a distinctive people among the other Arab peoples just as Arieh “Lova” Eliav mischievously said in his 1972 book Land of the Hart.

In conclusion, while I commend Meir-Levi for making the valid and incontestable point that the “Palestinians” are, as Gingrich correctly stated, an invented people, his presentation, however, is far from comprehensive, lacks proper depth and relies much too much on internet sources instead of the primary or first-hand sources that are not posted on the websites.

Howard

http://www.israpundit.com/archives/44805

Islam's Connection to Jerusalem - vs. Israel's


Islam's Connection to Jerusalem - vs. Israel's

Various Islamic dynasties governed Jerusalem, but not one made it their capital. The Jews were a majority there - in what is called East Jerusalem today - for generations, including in 1948.
From Eli E. Hertz
Despite 1,300 years of Muslim Arab rule, Jerusalem was never the capital of an Arab entity.

Oddly, the PLO's National Covenant, written in 1964, never mentioned Jerusalem. Only after Israel regained control of the entire city did the PLO "update" its Covenant to include Jerusalem.

Overall, the role of Jerusalem in Islam is best understood as the outcome of political pressure impacting on religious belief.

Mohammed, who founded Islam in 622 CE, was born and raised in present-day Saudi Arabia, he never set foot in Jerusalem.

His connection to the city came years after his death when the Dome of the Rock shrine and the al-Aqsa mosque were built in 688 and 691, respectively, their construction spurred by political and religious rivalries.
In 638 CE, the Caliph (or successor to Mohammed) Omar and his invading armies captured Jerusalem from the Byzantine Empire. One reason they wanted to erect a holy structure in Jerusalem was to proclaim Islam's supremacy over Christianity and its most important shrine, the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.

More important was the power struggle within Islam itself. The Damascus-based Umayyad Caliphs who controlled Jerusalem wanted to establish an alternative holy site if their rivals blocked access to Mecca. That was important because the Hajj or pilgrimage to Mecca was (and remains today) one of the Five Pillars of Islam. As a result, they built what became known as the Dome of the Rock shrine and the adjacent mosque.
To enhance the prestige of the "substitute Mecca," the Jerusalem mosque was named "al-Aqsa." It means "the furthest mosque" in Arabic, but has far broader implications, since it is the same phrase used in a key passage of the Quran called "The Night Journey." In that passage, Mohammed arrives at "al-Aqsa" on a winged steed accompanied by the Archangel Gabriel, from there they ascend into heaven for a divine meeting with Allah, after which Mohammed returns to Mecca.

Naming the Jerusalem mosque "al-Aqsa" was an attempt to say the Dome of the Rock was the very spot from which Mohammed ascended to heaven, thus tying Jerusalem to divine revelation in Islamic belief. The problem however is, that Mohammed died in the year 632, nearly 50 years before the first construction of the "al-Aqsa" Mosque was completed.

Jerusalem never replaced the importance of Mecca in the Islamic world. When the Umayyad dynasty fell in 750, Jerusalem also fell into near obscurity for 350 years, until the Crusades. During those centuries, many Islamic sites in Jerusalem fell into disrepair and in 1016 the Dome of the Rock collapsed.

Still, for 1,300 years, various Islamic dynasties (Syrian, Egyptian, and Turkish) continued to govern Jerusalem as part of their overall control of the Land of Israel, disrupted only by the Crusaders. What is amazing is that over that period, not one Islamic dynasty ever made Jerusalem its capital.



Mohammed died in the year 632, nearly 50 years before the first construction of the "al-Aqsa" Mosque was completed.


By the 19th century, Jerusalem had been so neglected by Islamic rulers that several prominent Western writers who visited Jerusalem were moved to write about it. French writer Gustav Flaubert, for example, found "ruins everywhere" during his visit in 1850 when it was part of the Turkish Empire (1516-1917). Seventeen years later Mark Twain wrote that Jerusalem had "become a pauper village."

Indeed, Jerusalem's importance in the Islamic world only appears evident when non-Muslims (including the Crusaders, the British, and the Jews) control or capture the city. Only at those points in history did Islamic leaders claim Jerusalem as their third most holy city after Mecca and Medina.

That was again the case in 1967, when Israel captured Jordanian-controlled East Jerusalem (and the Old City) during the 1967 Six-Day War.

The Jewish Ties to Jerusalem

Jerusalem, wrote historian Sir Martin Gilbert, is not a 'mere' city. "It holds the central spiritual and physical place in the history of the Jews as a people."

No matter where Jews lived throughout the world, their thoughts and prayers were directed toward Jerusalem. Even today, whether in Israel, the United States or anywhere else, Jewish ritual practice, holiday celebration, and lifecycle events include recognition of Jerusalem as a core element of the Jewish experience. Consider that:
  • -Jews in prayer always turn toward Jerusalem.
  • -Arks (the sacred chests) that hold Torah scrolls in synagogues throughout the world face Jerusalem.
  • -Jews end Passover Seders each year with the words: "Next year in Jerusalem"; the same words are pronounced at the end of Yom Kippur, the most solemn day of the Jewish year.
  • -A three-week moratorium on weddings in the summer recalls the breaching of the walls of Jerusalem by the Babylonian army in 586 BCE. That period culminates in a special day of mourning – Tisha B'Av (the 9th day of the Hebrew month Av) – commemorating the destruction of both the First and Second Temples.
  • -Jewish wedding ceremonies – joyous occasions, are marked by sorrow over the loss of Jerusalem. The groom recites a biblical verse from the -Babylonian Exile: "If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right hand forget her cunning," and breaks a glass in commemoration of the destruction of the Temples.
Even body language, often said to tell volumes about a person, reflects the importance of Jerusalem to Jews as a people and, arguably, the lower priority the city holds for Muslims:
  • -When Jews pray they face Jerusalem; in Jerusalem Israelis pray facing the Temple Mount.
  • -When Muslims pray, they face Mecca; in Jerusalem Muslims pray with their backs to the city.
  • -Even at burial, a Muslim face, is turned toward Mecca.
Finally, consider the number of times Jerusalem is mentioned in the two religions' holy books:
  • -The Old Testament mentions 'Jerusalem' 349 times. Zion, another name for 'Jerusalem,' is mentioned 108 times.
  • -The Quran never mentions Jerusalem – not even once.
Even when others controlled Jerusalem, Jews maintained a physical presence in the city, despite being persecuted and impoverished.

Before the advent of modern Zionism in the 1880s, Jews were moved by a form of religious Zionism to live in the Holy Land, settling particularly in four holy cities: Safed, Tiberias, Hebron, and most importantly – Jerusalem.

Consequently, Jews constituted a majority of the city's population for generations. In 1898, "In this City of the Jews, where the Jewish population outnumbers all others three to one …" Jews constituted 75 percent of the Old City population in what former Secretary-General Kofi Annan called 'East Jerusalem.'

In 1914, when the Ottoman Turks ruled the city, 45,000 Jews made up a majority of the 65,000 residents. And at the time of Israeli statehood in 1948, 100,000 Jews lived in the city, compared to only 65,000 Arabs.
Arab claims to Jerusalem, a Jewish city by all definitions, reflect the "what's-mine-is-mine, what's-yours-is-mine" mentality, underlying Palestinian concepts of how to end the Arab-Israeli conflict.


http://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/11451#.T3UyuGJSR0U

Weekly Commentary: Iranian Nukes – Plain Talk on the Critical Assumption Weekly Commentary: Iranian Nukes – Plain Talk on the Critical Assumption Dr. Aaron Lerner Date: 29 March, 2012 If the choice is between preventing a nuclear Iran and preventing the price of gasoline from skyrocketing before the November presidential elections it’s a no brainer for the Obama team. A second term is without question more important than a nuclear Iran. Before addressing the underlying logic of this position, a side note is warranted regarding barring Iranian banks from the SWIFT system. At the time of the announcement it really seemed as if Iran was facing an unbearable sanction. In fact, Iranian officials compared the sanction to nothing less than the closing of the Strait of Hormuz. But while the move has indeed made the movement of funds in transactions involving Iran considerably more cumbersome, we find ourselves already back to work for close to a week after the Persian New Year holidays and the story is well off the front pages. And it’s not just the barter arrangements between Iran and two of its large energy customers, India and China – deals that can readily extend to the Chinese and Indians paying third parties on behalf of Iran and not just swapping fuel for Chinese and Indian products. There is a lot of money out there to move around and a lot of smart people who are figuring out how they can profit from facilitating the transfer of funds without requiring a SWIFT connection to Iran. So much for sanctions. Back to why a second term is without question more important than a nuclear Iran. Let’s put ourselves into the mindset of the Obama team: In the eyes of the Obama administration, the worst case scenario of a nuclear Iran is that the Iranians can brandish the nukes to deter anyone from attacking Iran and Iran’s neighbors scramble to also get nukes. Would it be so bad if countries were deterred from attacking Iran? Iran supports Islamic “liberation movements”. And in the PC Obama world, “radical Islam” is banished from the lexicon. If anything, Iranian support for Hamas can help serve as a catalyst to get those damn Israelis to finally throw in the towel and accept any and all Arab demands to herald an era of utopian peace. Iran feeds on the suffering of the oppressed. The way to stop Iranian trouble making, the Obama team believes, is to address the aspirations of the oppressed – not to fight Iran. As for the danger that Iran’s neighbors will scramble to get nukes themselves, this was only a matter of time – or alternatively - President Obama in his second term will in fact achieve his dream of convincing the entire world to disarm. So the nuke problem won’t really be a problem as long as he can stay in the White House for another four years. So what’s wrong with this logic? Back to a basic critical assumption: that the Iranian leadership doesn’t actually believe in what it professes to believe. They profess to believe, as “Twelver Shiites”, that incinerating Israel with nuclear weapons – even if followed up by the incineration of Iran – would be a positive thing because the apocalyptic result would bring the return of the Hidden Imam. Now there are some very bright academics who are convinced that the Iranian leadership doesn’t actually believe in what it professes to believe. But if they are wrong it would be a fatal error. And in this case, it is best to respect the Iranian leadership and accept the possibility that they aren’t faking their religion. Dr. Aaron Lerner, Director IMRA (Independent Media Review & Analysis) (Mail POB 982 Kfar Sava) Tel 972-9-7604719/Fax 972-3-7255730 INTERNET ADDRESS: imra@netvision.net.il Website: http://www.imra.org.il



Weekly Commentary: Iranian Nukes – Plain Talk on the Critical Assumption




Dr. Aaron Lerner

If the choice is between preventing a nuclear Iran and preventing the price
of gasoline from skyrocketing before the November presidential elections it’s
a no brainer for the Obama team.



A second term is without question more important than a nuclear Iran.
Before addressing the underlying logic of this position, a side note is
warranted regarding barring Iranian banks from the SWIFT system.



At the time of the announcement it really seemed as if Iran was facing an
unbearable sanction. In fact, Iranian officials compared the sanction to
nothing less than the closing of the Strait of Hormuz.



But while the move has indeed made the movement of funds in transactions
involving Iran considerably more cumbersome, we find ourselves already back
to work for close to a week after the Persian New Year holidays and the
story is well off the front pages. And it’s not just the barter
arrangements between Iran and two of its large energy customers, India and
China – deals that can readily extend to the Chinese and Indians paying
third parties on behalf of Iran and not just swapping fuel for Chinese and
Indian products. There is a lot of money out there to move around and a lot
of smart people who are figuring out how they can profit from facilitating
the transfer of funds without requiring a SWIFT connection to Iran.



So much for sanctions.


Back to why a second term is without question more important than a nuclear
Iran.



Let’s put ourselves into the mindset of the Obama team:
In the eyes of the Obama administration, the worst case scenario of a
nuclear Iran is that the Iranians can brandish the nukes to deter anyone
from attacking Iran and Iran’s neighbors scramble to also get nukes.

Would it be so bad if countries were deterred from attacking Iran?
Iran supports Islamic “liberation movements”.


And in the PC Obama world, “radical Islam” is banished from the lexicon.
If anything, Iranian support for Hamas can help serve as a catalyst to get
those damn Israelis to finally throw in the towel and accept any and all
Arab demands to herald an era of utopian peace.



Iran feeds on the suffering of the oppressed. The way to stop Iranian
trouble making, the Obama team believes, is to address the aspirations of
the oppressed – not to fight Iran.



As for the danger that Iran’s neighbors will scramble to get nukes
themselves, this was only a matter of time – or alternatively - President
Obama in his second term will in fact achieve his dream of convincing the
entire world to disarm. So the nuke problem won’t really be a problem as
long as he can stay in the White House for another four years.

So what’s wrong with this logic?


Back to a basic critical assumption: that the Iranian leadership doesn’t
actually believe in what it professes to believe. They profess to believe,
as “Twelver Shiites”, that incinerating Israel with nuclear weapons – even
if followed up by the incineration of Iran – would be a positive thing
because the apocalyptic result would bring the return of the Hidden Imam.



Now there are some very bright academics who are convinced that the Iranian
leadership doesn’t actually believe in what it professes to believe.

But if they are wrong it would be a fatal error.


And in this case, it is best to respect the Iranian leadership and accept
the possibility that they aren’t faking their religion.


Dr. Aaron Lerner, Director IMRA (Independent Media Review & Analysis)
(Mail POB 982 Kfar Sava)
Tel 972-9-7604719/Fax 972-3-7255730
INTERNET ADDRESS: imra@netvision.net.il
Website: http://www.imra.org.il

http://imra.org.il/story.php3?id=56252

Abbas lies to the Arab League


Abbas lies to the Arab League

Some lies are repeated so much that people tend to ignore them due to sheer exhaustion of debunking them. But that only emboldens the liars.

Today's Exhibit A is Mahmoud Abbas, who went in front of the Arab League meeting in Baghdad today to rail against "ethnic cleansing" of Arabs in Jerusalem.
Abbas accused Israel of carrying out a policy of ethnic cleansing in Jerusalem, and said that the occupation authorities are using unprecedented and most brutal means and the most serious in the implementation of what it sees as the final chapter in the fight to remove the Islamic and Christian character of the Holy City through taxes, punitive house demolitions and land confiscation.

He stressed that the PA would not resume negotiations with Israel until it stops settlement activity, particularly in Jerusalem.
Using the term "ethnic cleansing" is now considered part of the normal discourse when referring to Israel. It is not only a lie but a deliberate slander. Yet within the Arab world it is considered as controversial as saying that the sky is blue.

Here is a chart of the Arab population of Jerusalem since Israel reunified it in the Six Day War:

There is no way you can call this "ethnic cleansing."

Not only that, but the proportion of Arabs in Jerusalem have also increased:
The proportion of the Jewish population fell from 74% in 1967 to 72% in 1980, and 65% in 2008. Conversely, the Arab population rose from 26% in 1967 to 28% in 1980, and 35% in 2008.

These are the facts. Abbas is a liar.

And it is usually not a great idea to sign an agreement with a liar.

(Ma'an didn't report his "ethnic cleansing" comments in English.)

http://elderofziyon.blogspot.com/2012/03/abbas-lies-to-arab-league.html

Annan in Wonderland


Annan in Wonderland


Annan in Wonderland

Last week I wrote about Jonathan Swift's Modest Proposal. Now it is time to think about Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland.
 
Before you accuse me of going literary, note that my metaphor gets us back to politics and the Middle East.
 
What brings forth Alice in Wonderland, its fantasy and nonsense is this combination of headlines:
 
  • "Syria accepts cease-fire; fighting enters Lebanon [2]"

  • "Syria Reportedly Accepts Peace Plan as Clashes Erupt Near Lebanon [3]"
The first comes from the Jerusalem Post. It accepts a report from Lebanon that Syrian troops entered that country in pursuit of Syrian rebels who had sought sanctuary. The second is more cautious. It comes from the New York Times, perhaps less inclined to add to the image of chaos incomprehensible to westerners in a region of interest to the United States. From such a perspective, the fighting was only close to Lebanon.
 
However, both headlines add to my sense of fantasy. The United Nations envoy to Syria, the former Secretary General Kofi Annan, has issued an optimistic statement about the Syrian president agreeing to a 6-point peace plan, involving the withdrawal of heavy weapons from populated areas, political discussions, humanitarian aid, release of prisoners, freedom of movement, and access provided to journalists.
 
Syrian news sources were not reporting that item, and the fighting seems to be escalating. Along with reports of Syrian troops operating in Lebanon, United Nations sources increased their estimate of the deaths during the year-long rebellion to 9,000.
 
Friends of the United Nations may have soothing answers. These things take time. Perhaps the officers distant from Damascus did not get the message from the presidential palace. The United Nations is a complex institution. Several of the powerful national governments must agree to anything before it can go into effect. Russia, China, and Iran, support Assad.
 
Both the Jerusalem Post and the New York Times are closer to skepticism than optimism. They note that Bashar al-Assad had previously agreed to reforms and peace plans, including a "road map," but failed to implement them.
 
Various sources add to the story. Annan is on an extended trip, from Syria to China, meeting with worthies and trying to get them on board a deal. The report about fighting in Lebanon appears in several sources, along with comments that Lebanese officers (no doubt with concern for Syrians who have done them real harm and can do it again) have tried to evade the direct question, or have said that the evidence is not clear, even while residents of the area report fighting [4].
 
Annan himself is the cautious diplomat. He said that he "received a response from the Syrian government and will be making it public . . . which is positive, and we hope to work with them to translate it into action [5]." That is a lot less than a cease fire that will go into effect tonight or early tomorrow.
 
I presume that Kofi Annan is not an innocent abroad (note the reference to Mark Twain). Annan has been in the business a long time, and is playing the United Nations game that he knows so well. It's part doing a task with a narrow view of one's responsibility, part protecting his bottom, part realizing that nothing may come of his meetings, but seeing them as the essence of diplomacy. Keep the conversation flowing. Remain optimistic. Something may emerge eventually. Others will be involved. No one individual can be blamed for a misstep as long as he or she adheres to the routine of talking and seeing progress.
 
Don't exaggerate my concern for Syria any more than you exaggerate my concern for literature.
 
The point of this note is Israel, which some of these same actors see as having problems amenable to the routines engaged in by Kofi Annan for the sake of Syria. Barack Obama is not mentioned prominently in the reports about fighting in Lebanon, but the game he plays is suspiciously like Annan's. He adheres to the rules of extended talk, continued engagement with regimes that agree without implementation, or stall for time in order that they can continue with their priorities while seeming to engage and respond positively.
 
Like Annan, Obama aspires to work with others in the international community. The kind of diplomacy being done by the UN's diplomat in chief emeritus, has implications for us.
 
Obama says that he has an deadline for Iran that produces violence if there is no compliance with international expectations. But the game defined by professional diplomats like Annan may have no end. Agreements are made in principle, and have to be worked out. Deadlines bend for the sake of continued diplomacy.
 
Perhaps Israel stands higher in Obama's priorities than Syria stands in that of Annan or the people he is dealing with. However, to describe that possibility as a rock bed of reliability is to pretend that I--or anyone else--is banking on that 6-point deal Kofi Annan claims to have worked out with Bashar al-Assad.
 
If you don't get the point, go down the rabbit hole. You'll find a wonderful world. Pretend that it is real. Stay happy. 

http://blogs.jpost.com/content/annan-wonderland 

The politics of Jerusalem



Print Edition
Photo by: Marc Israel Sellem/The Jerusalem Post
The politics of Jerusalem
By MORDECHAI NISAN

Jewish people have come home to their historic, spiritual capital, Israel is fulfilling national mandate in developing Greater J'lem.
 
A satisfactory and consensual political resolution of the question of Jerusalem has eluded diplomats and statesmen. The British Peel Commission of 1937 recommended a two-state solution in the land that included a Jewish state and an Arab state, with greater Jerusalem to be administered by the British authorities. In 1947 the United Nations Partition Resolution also proposed that Jerusalem be a separate entity under international trusteeship, thus excluded from the sovereign domain of the Jewish and Arab states as proposed. When the Israeli-Jordanian fighting ended in Jerusalem in late 1948, the city was effectively divided between Jewish west Jerusalem and Arab east Jerusalem. This was a result of war and not a prescription for peace.

The division of the city did not prevent the Israeli government from declaring it the capital of the state, nor obstruct Jewish demographic growth which doubled to 200,000 by 1967. Jordan meanwhile proved to be the serial violator of its obligations under the Armistice Agreement, destroying Jewish synagogues and desecrating the Mount of Olives cemetery, denying Jewish access to the Western Wall while sniping at Jewish residents and buildings adjacent to the Old City in western Jerusalem.

The liberation of east Jerusalem in the Six Day War led to the unification of the city under Israeli sovereignty and subject to Israeli law. To solidify Jewish control and presence across the former armistice lines dividing the city, we can detect two periods in construction projects and Jewish demographic expansion.

Mayor Teddy Kollek, fulfilling a vision of prime minister Levi Eshkol, promoted the reconstruction of the Jewish Quarter in the Old City and the development of large new Jewish neighborhoods, like Gilo and Armon HaNatziv at the southern end of the city, Ramat Eshkol and French Hill adjacent to the former frontier boundary, and Neve Ya’akov and Pisgat Ze’ev in the north. This urban planning manifested on the ground the incorporation of the expanded borders of united Jerusalem, but without altering the character of separate Jewish and Arab residential neighborhoods.

Under successive mayors – Olmert, Lupolianski and Barkat – an additional and alternative conception guided the Jewish spread throughout the city, through establishing a Jewish presence in Arab-inhabited areas: facilitating Jewish property acquisition or sometimes reacquisition of former Jewish homes in the Muslim and Christian quarters of the Old City, developing the City of David in Silwan/Hashiloah, as in Sheikh Jarrah/Shimon Hazaddik, with small groups of Jews in A-Tur/Mount of Olives, Abu Tor, Beit Orot/Mt. Scopus, Ras al-Amud/Ma’ale Zeitim, and Beit Nissan Beck/Giorgia quarter opposite the Damascus/ Shechem Gate of the Old City.

These and additional locations were designed to have Jews in east Jerusalem politically hinder the possibility of a future Israeli withdrawal from parts of the eastern city areas.

By 2012 the population of Jerusalem approximated three quarters of a million people, some two-thirds of which are Jews and a third Arabs. The Jewish demographic dominance in Jerusalem was paralleled and made more possible by Palestinian political weakness. The Arabs of the city, while enjoying resident status and an array of social benefits and opportunities for a reasonable livelihood, never mounted an effective campaign against what they disingenuously disparage as “Israeli occupation.” As for the Palestinian Authority, the Oslo Accord denied it any political role in east Jerusalem, while the separation wall has effectively cut off Jerusalem’s Arabs from their West Bank hinterland.

Israel’s multi-faceted policy toward Jerusalem and the geo-demographic processes of the last decades have established the city as a single political and administrative unit. The Arab population chooses not to vote in municipal elections for fear of providing legitimacy to Israeli rule, yet this enables Israel to actually imprint its political monopoly over the entire city. This dialectical development affords insight into the subtle dynamic of things. Israel exercises de facto sovereign rule over the city, no less consistent with the 1980 Jerusalem: Basic Law, yet concedes daily authority to the Muslims over the Temple Mount. The Palestinians for their part enjoy the full range of liberty of movement and expression, though they have succumbed to a numbing state of collective de-politicization.

The municipal infrastructure and services, including access roads and the water system, operate in a unified and centralized fashion. The mixing of populations, the proximity of Jewish and Arab neighborhoods, Arabs visiting the shopping malls and Biblical Zoo all attest to daily human contact between the two peoples and the air of normalcy which has ascended over the city.

The prospect is therefore one of continued Israeli control for the foreseeable future. For Israel to withdraw from any part of Jerusalem and allow a Palestinian capital in the city would be a depletion of the soul of the Jewish people. Palestinian sovereignty in east Jerusalem, no less any official recognition of Islamic control over the Temple Mount, would spark Muslim militancy and bellicosity throughout the country, and beyond.

For Israel to withdraw from any part of Jerusalem would expose the Jews of the city to grave security threats and terrorism. The physical welfare of Jewish residents, though targeted here and there, depends on Israel’s full police presence throughout Jerusalem, in both the eastern and western sides. If not, Arab shooting from Shuafat to Pisgat Ze’ev, or stone-throwing from Issawiya at Jewish traffic on the road to Ma’ale Adumim, could not be prevented or contained.

A Palestinian attacker on Jaffa Road could not be apprehended if Israel security forces were not operating in the eastern side of the city, to which the terrorist would flee. The murderer of the eight students in 2008 at the Merkaz HaRav Yeshiva in west Jerusalem was later arrested in the Jebl Mukaber neighborhood that borders Armon Hanatziv in east Jerusalem. The compelling conclusion is that in order to secure west Jerusalem as the focus of vibrant Jewish life, Israel must maintain its control over east Jerusalem as well.

There is moreover another aspect to the vulnerability of Jewish interests and that concerns ancient religious sites, like the Mount of Olives cemetery. Palestinian vandalism, already insufferable, would in the absence of any Israeli presence turn into a fury of destruction.

The Jewish people have come home to their historic and spiritual capital, and Israel is fulfilling its national mandate in governing and developing Greater Jerusalem. This is a blessing which many curse, but a blessing whose splendor spreads its light to all peoples and faiths – inhabitants, tourists, and pilgrims – to enjoy the freedom and security, prosperity and poetry, of the Holy City.

The writer is a retired lecturer at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and his most recent book is Only Israel West of the River, 2011, available at Amazon.com This article is based on a talk presented at the Begin Heritage Center on March 14 at a conference on the theme of “How Important is Jerusalem to Islam?”

http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Op-EdContributors/Article.aspx?id=263867